Organic Chemistry MCAT Practice Exam

Which type of reaction typically occurs to form micelles from fatty acids?

1. Hydration reaction

2. Precipitation reaction

3. Emulsification reaction

4. Dehydration reaction

The correct answer is: Emulsification reaction

Micelles form through a process recognized as emulsification, which typically occurs when amphiphilic molecules like fatty acids or surfactants interact with water. In this context, fatty acids possess a hydrophobic tail and a hydrophilic head. When added to water, these molecules arrange themselves into structures called micelles to minimize the exposure of their hydrophobic tails to the aqueous environment. This self-assembly reduces the surface tension and stabilizes the mixture, allowing for better distribution of non-polar substances in a polar solvent. Emulsification is essential in various biological and chemical processes, particularly in digestion and product formulation, as it enhances the solubility and transport of fats in water. Thus, the formation of micelles is directly linked to the emulsification process, which is why this choice is accurate in describing how micelles arise from fatty acids.